Identification and biological characteristics of violet root rot pathogen of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in Fujian province / 中国中药杂志

Violet root rot is one of the main root diseases in the production process of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. To clarify the pathogenic species that cause the violet root rot of P. heterophylla in Fujian province, the roots and the sclerotia with violet root rot symptoms were collected from the main producing areas of P. heterophylla(Fujian province) from 2017 to 2021, and the pathogens were isolated by tissue separation method and identified by morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, the biological characteristics of the pathogens were studied and the fungicides were determined. The results showed that 78 strains of violet root rot were isolated from the collected root samples, which belonged to one type after preliminary morphological identification. Two represen-tative strains were selected from the pathogens for multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, and they were clustered with Helicobasidium mompa together. The suitable culture conditions for the mycelium were OA medium, 25 ℃, pH 6, and ammonium oxalate as the nitrogen source. The lethal temperature of the mycelium was 50 ℃ for 10 minutes. Moreover, 99.1% propiconazole and 98.7% azoxystrobin had the optimal bacteriostatic effect, and the concentrations with the 50% bacteriostatic rate were 16.85 and 12.24 μg·mL~(-1), respectively. On the basis of the above results, the pathogen causing violet root rot of P. heterophylla in Fujian province was H. mompa. The medium type, growth temperature, pH value, nitrogen source, etc. had significant effect on the growth of mycelium.

Identification and biological characterization of pathogen causing black spot of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in Fujian province / 中国中药杂志

In Zherong county, Fujian province, the black spot of Pseudostellaria heterophylla often breaks out in the rainy season from April to June every year. As one of the main leaf diseases of P. heterophylla, black spot seriously affects the yield and quality of the medicinal material. To identify and characterize the pathogens causing black spot, we isolated the pathogens, identified them as a species of Alternaria according to Koch's postulates, and then tested their pathogenicity and biological characteristics. The results showed that the pathogens causing P. heterophylla black spot were A. gaisen, as evidenced by the similar colony morphology, spore characteristics, sporulation phenotype, and the same clade with A. gaisen on the phylogenetic tree(the maximum likelihood support rate of 100% and the Bayesian posterior probability of 1.00) built based on the tandem sequences of ITS, tef1, gapdh, endoPG, Alta1, OPA10-2, and KOG1077. The optimum conditions for mycelial growth of the pathogen were 25 ℃, pH 5-8, and 24 h dark culture. The lethal conditions for mycelia and spores were both treatment at 50 ℃ for 10 min. We reported for the first time the A. gaisen-caused black spot of P. heterophylla. The results could provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and control of P. heterophylla leaf spot diseases.

Study on pollen viability and morphological characteristics of Zanthoxylum nitidum / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the pollen morphological and physiological characteristics of Zanthoxylum nitidum. Methods: The pollen grain viability was studied using an in vitro method and the optimal concentration of sucrose, H3BO3, and CaCl2 on pollen germination were investigated by 3414 test. At the same time it contrasted with the I2-KI and TTC methods to find the proper determination method for Z. nitidum pollen vitality. And then It was further studied that different storage time and methods had an effect on pollen grain viability by having established method. Pollen morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The I2-KI and TTC methods were not fit for determining the mature pollen vitality of Z. nitidum. The optimal medium was 10% sucrose + 0.1 mg/mL H3BO3 + 0.1 mg/mL CaCl2 on pollen germination in vitro and the pollen germination ratio was up to 66.67%. Pollen viability was the highest in 24 h and it could keep about 15 d in 4 ℃ environments. The pollen grains were 3-colpate prolate, with reticulate ornamentation. Conclusion: The determination and storage of pollen grain viability is established preliminarily to provide reliable basis of knowing physiological characteristics, breeding and taxonomy.

Change of CMTM7 expression, a potential tumor suppressor, is associated with poor clinical outcome in human non-small cell lung cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 7 (CMTM7) located at 3p22.3, is a frequent deletion site and a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) locus in many cancer, which suggests CMTM7 may be a potential TSG. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations of CMTM7 expression and survival rate in patients with non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Surgical specimens of 180 cases with pathologically confirmed NSCLC were grouped into 18 tissue microarray slides. CMTM7 expression in these specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry staining and representative cases were confirmed by Western blotting. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the association of CMTM7 expression with pathological features and survival of patients with NSCLC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 78.9% of the 180 patients had variations of CMTM7 protein expression, either up-regulated or down-regulated. Univariate analysis showed that the patients' survival rate after surgery was highly correlated with CMTM7 expression (P = 0.0091). In addition, prognostic factors were examined by multivariate Cox regression analysis, and results suggested that CMTM7 expression was a unique prognostic factor in NSCLC survival.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CMTM7 expression may be related to survival of patients with NSCLC and a unique prognostic factor. CMTM7 may play an important role in NSCLC development.</p>